Instant Noodle Market: An Economic Indicator in the Philippines Essay

INTRODUCTION Background of the Study With the Philippines’ worsening economy, people are becoming more concerned with their expenditures and are shifting their consumption to cheaper alternatives. Such an alternative for food is instant because these instant noodles are not only tasty and filling, but also very cheap. These three qualities have made it very popular among consumers who are tightening their budget. This paper aims to show that the increasing popularity and sales of this instant noodles are directly related to the worsening condition of the Philippines’ economy. When consumers experience lower income and lower level of spending power they tend to substitute cheaper, lower quality goods for relatively more expensive, higher quality goods. In this light, instant noodles are becoming an indicator of the country’s economic performance. Additionally, this increased consumption of instant noodles brings about many health and economic implications. Statement of the Problem In the current deteriorating state of the Philippine economy, instant noodles, because of their affordability and convenience, are slowly replacing traditional food staples and at the same time, becoming an economic indicator. In this research, the author focus on how instant noodles are gaining popularity in the Philippines in relation to this product’s characteristics and the influences of the economy and income per capita. The paper would also solve the following questions: how the consumption level of instant noodles is indicative of the country’s economic activity? What are the implications that the growing consumption of instant noodles may have on the Philippine economy and the health of the population? Importance of the study More knowledge on this topic could prove useful to understanding how the instant noodle market could become an effective gauge of a country’s performance and the state of living. In addition, by delving into the subject, more information may be made available and would allow future studies to look more closely on how instant noodles may be improved to further benefit the general population. Also, the growing industry may be prove to be useful as a mechanism of providing labor and other forms of economic benefits for the country. As poverty continues to be rampant and resources remain scarce, instant noodles may prove to be a solution to some of the problems faced by the Philippines today. Scope and Limitation of the Study The research will focus on the consumer activity of households with relatively low income and how it would relate to the economy. The survey for this paper will be conducted with 30 respondents at Brgy. 617, a relatively impoverished urban community situated in Sampaloc, Manila. The interview will also take place in the said barangay. Subject: Accounting Subject of Topic: Instant Noodles Topic: The effects of noodles to those family who has low income Purpose: The purpose of this research is to further increase the understanding of how the economic state of a country affects its consumers’ behaviors towards instant noodles or even similar products. Title: Instant Noodles Becoming a Replacement for Traditional Food Staples in Brgy. 617 Sampaloc, Manila and an Indicator of the Philippine Economy.

Early history of Islam Essay

Islam is a religion base upon the surrender to God who is one. The very name of the religion, al-islam in Arabic, means at once submission and peace, for it is in submitting to God’s Will that human beings achieve peace in their lives in this world and in the hereafter. The message of Islam concerns God, who in Arabic is called Allah, and it addresses itself to humanity’s most deep nature. It concerns men and women as they were created by God–not as fallen beings. Islam for that reason considers itself to be not an innovation but a reassertion of the universal truth of all revelation which is God’s Oneness. Moreover, beginning as the faith of a small community of believers in Arabia in the seventh century, Islam quickly becomes one of the main world religions. The core of this faith is the faith that Muhammad (c. 570-632), a respected businessman in Mecca, a commercial and religious center in western Arabia, received revelations from God that have been conserved in the Koran. The heart of this revealed message is the confirmation that â€Å"there is no god but Allah (The God), and Muhammad is the messenger of God. † The term Islam comes from the Arabic word-root s-l-m, which has a common reference to peace and submission. Particularly, Islam means submission to the will of God, and a Muslim is one who makes that submission. This submission or act of Islam means living a life of devotion and practice as defined in the Koran and participating in the life of the community of believers. The core of this Islamic life is typically said to be the Five Pillars of Islam: openly bearing witness to the basic affirmation of faith; saying prescribed prayers five times a day; fasting during the month of Ramadan; giving a tithe or alms for support of the poor; and making a pilgrimage to Mecca at least once throughout the believer’s lifetime, if this is possible. In addition, Muslims believe that Islam is the essential monotheistic faith proclaimed by prophets throughout history. The Koran is not seen as presenting a new revelation but rather as providing a complete, precise, and therefore final record of the message that had previously been given to Abraham, Jesus, and other earlier prophets. As the basis for a historical community and tradition of faith, nevertheless, Islam begins in Mecca with the life and work of Muhammad in the early seventh century. Islam possesses a religious law called al-Shari’ah in Arabic which govern the life of Muslims and which Muslims regard as to be the incarnation of the Will of God. The Shari’ah is contained in principle in the Koran as elaborated and complemented by the Sunnah. On the basis of these principles the schools of law which are followed by all Muslims to this day were developed early in Islamic history. This Law, while being rooted in the sources of the Islamic revelation, is a living body of law which caters to the desires of Islamic society. Islamic laws are fundamentally preventive and are not based on unkind punishment except as a last measure. The faith of the Muslim causes him to have respect for the rights of others and Islamic Law is such that it prevents misbehavior from taking place in most instances. That is why what people consider to be unforgiving punishments are so seldom in need of being applied. Furthermore, the spread of Islam was not restricted to its amazing early expansion outside of Arabia. During later centuries the Turks embraced Islam serenely as did a large number of the people of the Indian subcontinent and the Malay-speaking world. In Africa as well, Islam has spread during the past two centuries even under the strong power of European colonial rulers. Nowadays Islam continues to grow not only in Africa but as well in Europe and America where Muslims now comprise a prominent minority. References: Exploring the Ancient world Cultures, Retrieved on November 29, 2006 at http://eawc. evansville. edu/ispage. htm Historiography of early Islam, Retrieved on November 29, 2006 at http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Historiography_of_early_Islam

Farewell my concubine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Farewell my concubine - Essay Example The two boys Shitou and Douzi are handed over by their parents to live in a strict training school for the opera in Beijing. The regime there is very harsh, and the boys are trained to perform very stylized roles which require heavy makeup and rigid types of characterization. Douzi is chosen to perform female characters, which involves him training his voice to sound like a woman, and repeating a very significant line which states that he is a girl by nature and not a boy. He has difficulty getting the words out, and repeatedly stumbles over that line, saying that he is a boy and not a girl. He is beaten and punished for this mistake, and the violence of his teacher is a way of showing how forceful communism came to be. The repressive era of the Cultural Revolution in the period between 1966 and 1976 forced people to conform to a rigid moral and social code of behavior, and punished people who resisted by beating them or banishing them to distant places, or even prisons. The training of the boys and the effect it had upon them is a kind of metaphor for the way that China suffered under the Cultural Revolution. The film shows how the two boys grow up to identify with people who are outcasts and oppressed.

Week 7 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Week 7 - Essay Example Thus, artists through their works concentrated on individualism themes and reason in order to reform the society from reliance on traditional and faith-based ideologies. The anamorphic image in Hans Holbein’s The Ambassadors is in the skull. It represents Jean de Dinteville and his friend who acted as French ambassadors’ to England and the Republic of Venice respectively. The hierarchy of genres in order importance is history painting, portrait painting, genre painting, landscape painting, animal painting, and still life painting. History painting involved uplifting or inspirational messages on religious, historical, mythological, classical, or literary context. History painting marked the demonstration and conclusion of skills acquired within the academy system. Portrait painting is the second in the genre and is represented by large portraits of heroic figures for public viewing, and in some cases for private portraiture. This came after rigorous course by academy students to master the skill, which first started with drawing from plaster casts, copying the established portraits, and finally creating live models. Genre paintings involved scenes of ordinary life containing animals, landscapes, people, portraits, or touches of still life. The academy artists employed skills with occasional humor that put this genre in number three in the hierarchy. Landscape painting involved painting of art pieces whose focus was the portrayal of lovely sceneries of rivers, mountains, seascape, townscape, or countryside. This type of painting required less technical ability from the academy artists as compared to the first three genres. Animal painting in the fifth category dealt with painting of animals originating from the popularization of horse painting from 1724-1806. Finally, still life painting consisted of a representation of flowers, kitchen implements, fruits among other foodstuffs in a painting. Because

Management of the Natural Resources by the Government of Botswana Dissertation

Management of the Natural Resources by the Government of Botswana - Dissertation Example This research will begin with the statement that despite initial success, that took place just when the post-colonial era started in African continent during the 1960’s and 1970’s, in the modern context, Africa is on an on economic downslope where poverty and hunger is persistently increasing in many of its States, with a universally accepted pessimism regarding its future economic prospects Various reports show that the general Sub-Saharan countries are turning poorer at a faster rate, than any low-income country worldwide. The average economic growth rate has been persistently in the negative from round 1965, with an average 35-times difference in the US and the African per-capita income level. However, amidst this depressing picture of low economic growth one African country has performed better than any other nation in the world, in the span of the last 35 years, which is Botswana. Botswana â€Å"had a PPP-adjusted income per capita of $5,796 in 1998, almost four t imes the African average, and between 1965 and 1998, it grew at an annual rate of 7.7 percent†. In 2002, we find that Botswana â€Å"exported some US$ 2 billion of diamonds, nickel, copper, gold, and other resources—over 80 percent of its total exports†. The presence of diamonds had significantly backed Botswana’s strong economic growth, until the late 1990s, after which the average growth rate has fallen slightly owing to the recent diversification of the economy, where we find Botswana is now not dependent purely on the revenues that are earned from its natural resources.It is a general belief that economies that are wholly dependent on natural resources, tend to have a slow economic growth, which is often referred to as the â€Å"resource curse.† Botswana, however, did not have a favorable start right after its independence and was considered a poor country with little chances of elevation in their economic conditions. It is here that diamonds ha ve played an important role and currently account for almost 40 % of the country's natural resource output. Even though we find that Botswana had in the past experienced strong growth owing to its rich natural resources, however such growth, as predicted by many economists, is not sustainable on a long-term basis. This is owing to the fact that the mining industry does not offer too many job opportunities. Figures show that in Botswana while the mining sector contributed almost 40 % to the total national GDP, it created only around 4 % employment opportunities. The present economic diversification has already started showing a negative impact on the national economy, and it is as Iimi framed it â€Å"specific and intensified capital investment in the primary sector has restrained Botswana from benefiting from forward and backward linkages and labor market externalities†. Besides this factor, it has been contended by many experts that geographical location where a country is f ar from the sea, makes it difficult to create the strong economy that is based only on the abundant natural resources. Products from the natural resources are generally exported to other countries by the sea route, thus leading to very high shipping charges. A look at the African resource-rich countries will show us many of them are landlocked, including Botswana. Almost all experts universally acknowledge the fact that Botswana achieved this unprecedented economic growth and development by adopting effective management policies, and with a stable basic legal system that functioned reasonably well.â€Å"

Bonus Assignment #1 Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Bonus Assignment #1 - Case Study Example Gwaltney, chairman of the board of Gwaltney Mortar Company and Richard J Holland, board chairperson and the C.E.O. In addition to those we have Rodger R. Kapella, C.E.O and president of Patrick Cudahy, Robert W. executive V.P, Wendel H, president and board chairman of Murphy Farms, Inc., P. Edward Schenk, president and C.E.O of Gwaltney of Smithfield, Ltd., and Aaron D. the V.P., Treasurer and Secretary of the company. Joseph W. Luter is the C.E.O and the chair of the board. I think the chair/ C.E.O of the company is exception because he has 81% of the stock capital. The directors of the company receive a lot of cash compensation for participating in the board meeting. The Smithfield Company has a nomination committee that is in charge of all the nomination processes. All the stockholders nominate the company’s directors. I think that the appointment procedure is independent because the nomination committee is credible. The audit committee is made of Messrs. Faison and Murphy. Independent public accountants assist the committee in financial matters. By meeting nine times is enough for them to achieve their financial and other obligations. Joel Greenberg joined the Smithfield board in the year 1987. Richard J, Holland is a Board chair and the C.E.O of the Farmers Bank. In the fiscal year 1992, the executive committee attended no meeting. The Smithfield C.E.O had 81% of the stock capital, which is incomparable with that of other directors. Besides the C.E.O., we have other directors with insignificant shares hence decision-making was by the C.E.O. Over a number of years the governance structure has changed a lot and for the better of all. If the development continues, the company is expected to improve in terms of

Discuss supreme court case Korematsu v. United States (1944) Essay

Discuss supreme court case Korematsu v. United States (1944) - Essay Example This was quite an irrational decision because there was no evidence that these individuals were a threat to the national security of US. Walter Lippmann a well renowned columnist stated that no individual is allowed to conduct business and no individual has a right to obtain residence during a war. During the month of February of 1942, the president of US, Roosevelt accepted and signed the Executive Order 9066 (Niiya, 1993, p.16). This order provided the secretary of war with the authority to recognize certain areas as war zones and due to this label the people living in that area may be removed and restrictions of travelling within that area were even applied. Later, the in charge of the Western Defense Command labeled the entire region of the Pacific Coast as area of military due to its higher probability of being attacked (Bangarth, 2008, p.22). This led to implementation of curfews after which Japanese Americans were initially restricted to leave the area and later evacuated from the region. Later these individuals were held in prison camps because it was believed that all Japanese Americans are traitors. These actions taken by the US government were challenged in the case of Korematsu v. United States (1944) and the outcome of this case was that although the justices of t his case accepted that it was necessary for the military to relocate the Japanese Americans and the court accepted the decision taken by the government to detain Korematsu (Polenberg, 2000, p.197). The court legalized the actions taken by the government because the court believed that the action was taken as US was at war with Japan and it was correct to believe that Japanese American could involve in sabotage. The decision taken by the court during this case was quite significant in nature as the decision clearly stated that the government of US had the right to take any action such as evacuating people from their areas on racial basis. The decision even clearly stated that wartime

Explain Marie Winn's ideas about how television functions, and show Essay

Explain Marie Winn's ideas about how television functions, and show how her ideas apply to other forms of mass media - Essay Example First there were newspapers. They informed people of the state of affairs and public believed them. Publishers sold scandals and negative emotions and public got depended. Papers served as a wonderful way out of an awkward situation. If you did not want to communicate with people in a public place, you read a newspaper. A father, afraid of communication with his children, could hide himself behind a morning paper during breakfast and then escape in reading evening papers. Today papers and magazines serve as a source of propaganda of way of lives. Reading certain magazines you feel belonging to certain groups. Radio helps you to passively entertain yourself both in free time and on your way to work. Television and internet absorb most of time and attention of millions of people in the world. A TV-set is an obligatory thing in every house. People get surprised learning that you do not watch TV. Internet is a new plague of the humanity. Seemingly inoffensive and enormously useful at fir st sight, it creates a generation of online people, afraid of living communication and unable to perceive a concrete person who could become a partner. Marie Winn in her book The Plug-In Drug: Television, Children and the Family provides keen observations of the impact of television on the life of modern people and families. It is a well known fact that a family is the smallest cell of the society. It is here that we start our life journey, learning how to deal with the world and people. Certainly, the problem of parents and children has always existed. Even Juliet Capulet found it difficult to explain herself with her mother and communicated with her parents mostly through the nurse. Yet, the Capulets did have a chance to inform their offspring about their demands, hopes and displeasure. The family also had some rituals uniting them into a family, different from the rest families in Verona. Modern children often learn their parents’

Wall street Journal opinion Article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Wall street Journal opinion Article - Essay Example However, latest research findings indicate different outcomes. They reveal that increasing the minimum wage does not seem to lower employment. This has challenged the typical model of the effect increase in minimum wage. An increasing set of academic papers show that increase in minimum wage does not notably decrease employment among fast-food workers and teens. For instance, following a 25 percent increase in minimum wage in San Jose, California, there was no result in the area’s fast food franchise which led to suspension of employment. According to an article in Wall Street Journal, a ballot initiative in 2012 which was started by San Jose State University students led to a 2 dollar increase in minimum wage in the city. It was expected that this would result into job losses. However, data reveals that this was not the case (Morath 1). Employment in the fast-food industry increased after higher wages were in place. By the beginning of 2014, the pace of increase in employment in San Jose region was still more than the improvement in the whole state of California. Almost half of the minimum wage employees are hired in food service (Morath 1). San Jose city accounts for approximately half the population in the metro region, which comprises of Santa Clara and Sunnyvale. The minimum wage rate is said to be $8 in those neighboring cities. These results are far from conclusive. They still appear to fit researches that established that minimum wage increases at a local area have not resulted in notable job losses in fast-food restaurants (Morath 1). Prior researches in contrast to the recent findings concluded that 10% rise in the minimum wage decreased teen employment by 1 to 3 percent. The reasons that are offered for these new controversial findings consist of problematic methodologies, poor data and the likelihood of monopoly power. Employers

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 50

Assignment Example ‘The myth of Poitiers’ refers to the debate about the fact that the battle of Poitiers brought an end to the Muslim invasion of Europe. However it may be said that the expansion of the Islamic empire was not a result of conquests and rather a process of â€Å"continuous conversion† (Cardini, 4). Also the halt in the expansion could have been due to the tiredness and absence of energy in the invaders, which prevented them from progressing further. As observed by Cardini, â€Å"it has been claimed that, without Poitiers and the heroism of Charles Martel, the name of Allah would be called by the muezzin over the dreaming spires of Oxford, the Koran would be studied in that famous university and the history of the world would have been quite different† (Cardini, 4). However, later examination reveals that the importance of the battle is not so great. The connection between the East and West divisions were torn away in the eight century itself. In 700 Christendom was about to lose a large part of their lands to the Islams. The churches were destroyed and the west gradually lost connection with the rest of the world. Even in the year 700 the relationship between Rome and Constantinople was not hostile. It was mainly due to the Islamic threat that the problem began and the popes were of varying national identities. It was a result of cumulative developments, which took place from the eight century onwards and the bond was never restored. While the West was not united under one power, the East was strong to some extent. (Southern, 53) The areas of conflicts increased as the years

Technological advancements for identification Essay Example for Free

Technological advancements for identification Essay The Platypus was first described in 1799 in Shaws naturalists Miscellany along with the koala, Kangaroo, wombat and emu. The most curious was the platypus. Since its first discovery there has been much debate as to whether it is a mammal and how it should be classified. The platypus is a primitive mammal that has many features that separate it from other mammals-it lays eggs, there is an absence of true teeth and an absence of mammary glands, although it has special glands that secrete milk. It has fur like other animals, but it has a beak like the bill of a duck, webbed feet and a tail like a beaver. A dried platypus skin has been sent to England in 1798 and was considered to be fake. Up until 1884 there was uncertainty about how the platypus reproduced. In 1884 Caldwell solved the problem by capturing a female with eggs. About 1904 the scientific American reported that there are many mammals that do not possess teeth when adults. Up until 1973 there was uncertainty about the platypus being able to regulate its body temperature like other mammals. Recent research shows that it can regulate body temperature but the mechanism is underdeveloped. There are two living groups: The platypuses and the echidnas. The only Cretaceous mammal known for Australia is also a monotreme, Steropodon galmani, a platypus-like animal that might be more appropriately placed in a family of its own. Until 1971, an understanding of the history of Australias platypus was non-existent. Apart from the fact that it was a monotreme and only known from Australia, all else was mystery. Then three major discoveries were made: two molar teeth of Obdurodon insignis, a 25 million-year-old platypus from the Tirari desert; a jaw fragment with three teeth of sterepodan galmani a 110 million year old monotreme from opal deposits at Lightning  Ridge, New South Wales; and, from 15-20-million-year-old Riversleigh deposits, a complete skull as well as a nearly complete dentition of a second species of Obdurdon. In 1971, while one puzzled group of Palaeontologists stared in confusion at a strange tooth found in the late Oligocene deposits of Lake Frome Embayment. These were the first teeth of a fossil platypus to be found and were named Obdurodon insights. Naturally, these central Australian discoveries caused a great deal of delight as well as anticipation but despite many tonnes of processed matrix later, central Australia has failed to produce more than a few isolated teeth, a fragment of a lower jaw and a portion of a pelvis. Discovery of the opalised jaw of Steropodon galmani in the dinosaur rich early Cretaceous deposits of Lightning ridge was one of the most exciting moments in the history of Australian palaeontology. It was the first and so far only known Mesozoic mammal from Australia. It may also have been the largest Cretaceous mammal anywhere in the world, overlapping in size some of the smallest dinosaurs, although less than twice the size of the living platypus. It had well developed teeth whose shape indicates that even by this early date monotremes has achieved many of the distinctive dental features that distinguish them from other groups of mammals. When we first discovered Ringtail Site at Riversleigh ,one of the system C localities in Rays Amphitheatre, apart from the ringtail possum jaw and some bats, we saw little in the way of mammals. But in the lab we were delighted to find isolated molars of the first fossil platypus from riversleigh. In the 1985 expedition a whole, perfect skull, the first and only ornithorynchid skull known apart from that of the modern Platypus. It was spotted as a braincast, complete with fosslilsed blood vessels when pieces of the skull were broken away in the course of fracturing blocks of limestone. After recovery and restoration of the broken pieces and dissolution of the surrounding limestone in dilute acetic acid,  the skull that emerged took their breath away. The Riversleigh material has provided a great deal of new information about the structure, relationships and paleobiogeography of platypuses in general. At this point besides the complete skull there is a complete dentition and partial lower jaw. So far, specimens of the riversleigh Obdurodon have come from the so called aquatic sites. Discovery in 1991 and 1992 of Obdurodon like monotreme teeth in 61-63 million year old sediments in Patagonia, Southern Argentina, has shocked everyone who thought platypuses were uniquely Australian. Clearly they were once part of a Gondwanan fauna that must also have been present on Antarctica, but survives today only in Australia. Because the living platypus, the only surviving descendant of Obdurodon, has become highly specialised with loss of its functional teeth, overall reduction in body size simplification of most of its cranial anatomy, we are concerned that all the lineage is in decline. When a group looses its generalised body form and edges to far out on its evolutionary limb in terms of specialisation, that limb is in increasing danger of falling off. The fossil record of rapid decline over just the last 15% of its known history suggests a less optimistic view. This is an animal just surviving in the twilight of a long and remarkable history. To add to these concerns, todays platypuses persist only in the permanent river systems of eastern Australia, sometimes in remnant rainforests but more often in the rivers that drain the open forests of the great divide. With humans abusing their the chemistry of the waterways with fertilisers and other noxious substances and deforestation and pollution of the rivers watersheds its candle may be in imminent danger of going out.

Installing and Upgrading Software Essay Example for Free

Installing and Upgrading Software Essay There are a number of reasons for upgrading software, generally the main reason is that the software has been improved or security problems have been addressed, or it offers new functionality. You may also install or update software when a new piece of hardware is installed in order to make it compatible. Other reasons may include software which is no longer supported by the manufacturer. If the software in question brings new functionality to the computer system in day to day life and makes that task easier, then you should consider updating. You also upgrade when you need to or when you want to upgrade or when your system is not working properly, existing software fails to run correctly and when additional functionality required. Sometimes, your pc crashes, freezes, your PC runs very slow, Having Problems Shutting down the computer and Shutting down applications and sometimes its shutdown while you are doing something or you may just get blank screen. If you find that you need more power in your machine and then you can upgrade your components, when your computer stops doing what you need it to do, then it is time to consider upgrading or replacing the computer. You upgrade when your existing system is not work properly, when you need new hardware or new software for your system and sometimes it may be company policy that you upgrade systems. You upgrade to fix programming bugs and security holes. Describe the potential prompt that initiate new or upgrade software: When you upgrade the software it might not work because it may not be suitable for the system specification, so in that situation you will need to upgrade the system to allow that software to work. Upgrading new software is used in computing and user electronics, generally meaning replacement of software with a newer version, in order to bring the system up to date to improve its characteristics. When installing or upgrading you should be aware of all the different types of risks that can occur risks such as prompts. Explain the advantage and potential disadvantage of the installation or upgrade of new software: The advantages of the installation or upgrades of the new software are that it may allow you to install different applications and also it may add new features to your current software. The disadvantages is that the upgrade may not be successful or even cause problems to other software which are currently installed and also it may stop other applications from running. It also may cause problems to existing system.

Hotel Industry E-Marketing

Hotel Industry E-Marketing Hotel Industry E-Marketing E-marketing is the new trend of marketing extensively acquiring by hotel industry. The traditional marketing strategy of hotel industry now not performing very well. In place e-marketing is taking the drivers seat. The purpose of the research The travel industry survives as one of the better performing sectors in e-commerce. With no fulfillment and no need for online payments, the hotel industry is well positioned to capture the full potential of ecommerce while avoiding many of its risks. â€Å"Currently, in Hong Kong, China, Taiwan and South Korea, approximately 5% to 10% of all lodgings are booked through the Internet, with 2004 estimates approaching 20%. This would follow the U.S. trend where hotels are reporting that up to 30% of all lodging is booked through online channels. Despite the burst of the Internet bubble, the promise of the Internet for hoteliers is still real: Online distribution can reduce costs, attract affluent customers and lessen dependency on more traditional and expensive distribution channels.†(Ref: www.igk.co.kr, available on 23/03/2008) Background â€Å"As of September 2003, 604 million people worldwide had internet access†. (Ref: -www.cyberatlas.com, available on 23/03/2008) The Internet is assumed to be an important channel for marketing and distribution of products and services. This is, among other things, due to the cost-effectiveness of the Internet and the convenience for customers. With the Internet marketers can reach out to a broad customer base, locate target customers, identify their needs and communicate with them at a relatively low cost. The Internet provides an opportunity for market testing and optimization. Increasing digitalization will make it progressively easier to experimentally alter particular aspects of a business and quickly observe how customers respond (Wyner 2000). Since the Web allows access to a plethora of information on different products, the hotel organization must encourage the potential consumer to use the Web site as both an information tool as well as a purchase option. This combination of information search and purchase process is an advantage over traditional retailing as online consumers have stated that personalized targeting is a reason they shop online. When consumers are more involved in the buying process it significantly improves brand recognition and recall. Research Aim Objectives/ Research Questions:- The main aim and objectives of this research was to find out the use, importance and impact of the E-marketing and traditional marketing in hotel industry, explore and analyze which one is the best suited of marketing used by the hotels and its contribution to marketing performance. And finally emarketing and traditional marketing has been compared to reach the desired goal. Research Hypotheses: In the light of the achieving the above aims and objectives, the following hypotheses had been constructed: Hypothesis (1): The level of use of e marketing and traditional marketing by hotel industry is significantly related to the hotel firm’s marketing performance. Hypothesis (2): E-marketing vs. Traditional marketing for the performance of the hotel Structure of the research The research is consisted of 5 chapters. In the first chapter is introduction of the topic, its background and the aims and objectives was described. Chapter 2 deals with the review of literatures in which all the variables are defined. Third chapter deals with the primary research done by the author and dealt with the findings and analysis of the hotels taken in the sample and the interviews had been put in to diagrams to have better understanding of the topic. Chapter four is dealing with the conclusion derived by the author on overall experience while developing the research; recommendations and limitations has been discussed in the last part of the research. Literature Review The researcher had identified a wide range of the literature review (in its wider broad sense which includes: Journals, Academic Books, theses and dissertations, short articles, e-databases, conference papers, etc). Background Marketing existed in society for millennia, ever since when people use to exchange from a product with other one, commonly known as â€Å"barter system†. Since after industrial revolution, market had taken a big turn and changes the meaning of marketing and gives a new definition to it. It’s been well said that marketing is not all about transaction; it’s also about developing relationship and ties with your guest or customer. And our international hospitality business is all about guest relation along with transaction and as we are involved in a transaction, thus we are engaged in a practice of commerce. â€Å"Commerce dealt with purchase and sale of good†. Before introduction of internet in the market, exchange of goods and services from producer to consumer was done through paper work and personnel contact â€Å"Electronic commerce, commonly known as e-commerce or eCommerce, consists of the buying and selling of products or services over electronic systems such as the Internet and other computer networks. The amount of trade conducted electronically has grown extraordinarily since the spread of the Internet. A wide variety of commerce is conducted in this way, spurring and drawing on innovations in electronic funds transfer, supply chain management, Internet marketing, online transaction processing, electronic data interchange (EDI), inventory management systems, and automated data collection systems. Modern electronic commerce typically uses the World Wide Web at least at some point in the transactions lifecycle, although it can encompass a wider range of technologies such as e-mail as well.†(Ref: www.wikipedia.org, 23/03/08) â€Å"A small percentage of electronic commerce is conducted entirely electronically for virtual items such as access to premium content on a website, but most electronic commerce involves the transportation of physical items in some way. Online retailers are sometimes known as e-tailers and online retail is sometimes known as e-tail. Almost all big retailers have electronic commerce presence on the World Wide Web. .†(Ref: www.wikipedia.org, 23/03/08) Research Aim Objectives/ Research Questions:- The purpose of this research was to find out the use, importance and impact of the E-marketing and traditional marketing in hotel industry, explore and analyze which one is the best suited of marketing used by the hotels and its contribution to marketing performance. And finally emarketing and traditional marketing has been compared to reach the desired goal. The research had adapted an interdisciplinary approach that makes use of hotel business enterprises marketing, E-marketing, IT, and information systems literature. This is in line with the point of view of Gatticker et al. (2000) who states that researchers should investigate the opportunities offered by the Internet using an interdisciplinary approach. At the same time, because E-marketing is a field that makes use of IT and IS, depending on that the research was considered the appropriateness of the various theories that underpin research into impact of e-marketing in hotel business. At same time the traditional approach of marketing has been compared to find out which one is the best suited for the hotel industry marketing performance. Consequently, the objectives of this research are as follows:- To clarify a conceptual model to understand and interpret the use of the traditional marketing and E-marketing in hotel industry. To focus this impact of e-markting and traditional marketing has been compared in a view to hotels performance and how they use this. To explore and analyze the importance and form of e marketing used by the hotel industry and its contribution to marketing performance of the hotel. To assess the existing awareness of the hotels in Delhi to the expected benefits of the using of e marketing. To identify the results of using e marketing. To evaluate the current practices of e marketing by the hotels of Delhi taken in the sample. To examine the impact of traditional marketing and E-marketing practices on marketing efficiency To achieve these objectives there was two hypotheses have been constructed to be tested during the research process. Research Hypotheses: In the light of the achieving the above aims and objectives, the following hypotheses had been constructed: Hypothesis (1): The level of use of e marketing and traditional marketing by hotel industry is significantly related to the hotel firm’s marketing performance. Hypothesis (2): E-marketing vs. Traditional marketing for the performance of the hotel Definitions â€Å"Electronic marketing (E-marketing) can be viewed as a new modern business practice associated with buying and selling goods, services, information and ideas via the Internet and other electronic means. A review of relevant literature revealed that definitions of electronic marketing vary according to each authors point of view, background and specialization.†(Ref: www.edamba.eu/userfiles/Hatem%20El%20Gohary.doc, viewed on 24/03/08). Some of the definitions are as follows: Smith and Chaffey (2005) defines it as: â€Å"Achieving marketing objectives through applying digital technologies†. Strauss and Frost (2001) define it as: â€Å"The use of electronic data and applications for planning and executing the conception, distribution and pricing of ideas, goods and services to create exchanges that satisfy individual and organizational objectives†. The researcher had followed on Strauss and Frost definition in conducting the current research because: it takes into consideration all the element of E-marketing, all types of products, it illustrate the main objective of E-marking which is creating the exchanges that satisfy individual and hotel organizational needs. Moreover it is the official definition for E-marketing adopted by the E-Marketing Association. (Ref: www.edamba.eu/userfiles/Hatem%20El%20Gohary.doc, viewed on 24/03/08). From the researcher point of view, importance and impact of E-marketing in hotel industry has changed the shape and nature of hospitality industry all over the world. Because the rapid proliferation of the Internet, the World Wide Web (WWW) and electronic communication has created a fast growing new electronic channels for hotel marketing. This rapid expanding use of the Internet and other electronic communication for hotel business purposes attracts hotel companies to invest in online presence (Liang and Hung, 1998). Marketing performance Nowadays the fact that a hotel firm survival depends on its capacity to ultimate service experience, create value, and value is defined by customers (Day, 1990), marketing makes a fundamental contribution to long-term hotel business success. E-marketing process used to evaluate marketing performance and effectiveness in hotel industry. On the other hand, when looking to the marketing performance and success measure there are many measures. Recently, in an attempt to organize performance measures Kokkinaki and Ambler (1999) have summarized it and established six categories for marketing performance and success measures which are: Financial measures / Competitive market measures / Consumer behaviour measures / Consumer intermediate measures / Direct costumer measures / Innovativeness measures. (Ref:http://web.biz.uwa.edu.au/staff/jmurphy/OConnor_Murphy_ijhm2004. pdfavailable on 12/03/2008) E-Marketing Performance Measures Standardized measures for E-marketing performance are both needed and necessary. The discussion of most of the researchers has centred on the following measures (beside the traditional marketing performance measures): Traffic Visit duration Conversion rate (visit to purchase) Catalogue size Sales value Number of transactions Number of users (as measured by the number of registered user accounts). E-marketing performance measures. Namely: Financial measures Competitive market measures Consumer behavior measures Consumer intermediate measures E-marketing measures, such as Conversion rate Traffic Visit duration Number of transactions Number of users (Ref: www.edamba.eu/userfiles/Hatem%20El%20Gohary.doc; available on 12/03/2008) â€Å"The World Wide Web (WWW), which is the main e-marketing element, launched and started at 1993.† (Ref: http://www.brad.ac.uk/hub/studentnews/emarketing.doc; viewed on 30/03/08) â€Å"Despite of the fast growth in e-marketing research in the last decade, it appears that only from the late 1980s researches on e-marketing and internet marketing begun to appear in the literature. Starting with the work of: Malone, Yates and Benjamin (1987 1989), crossing by the work of: White (1997), Samiee (1998), Wientzen (2000), Porter (2001), Siddiqui et al. (2003), Daniel et al. (2003), Smith and Rupp (2003), Smith (2004 a, b) and ending with the work of: Sheth and Sharma (2005), Sandeep and Singh (2005), De Kervenoael et al (2006), Flavià ¡n and Guinalà ­u (2006), Taylor and England (2006).† (Ref: http://www.brad.ac.uk/hub/studentnews/emarketing.doc; viewed on 30/03/08) The research studies investigated and covered a wide rang of e-marketing areas, such as: internet-marketing / e-mail marketing / intranet marketing / SMS marketing / extranet marketing. On the other hand, it is noticed that the literature in Internet marketing covers five main areas, which are: Internet marketing (IM) Environment, IM functions, IM applications and IM research. (Ref: http://www.brad.ac.uk/hub/studentnews/emarketing.doc; viewed on 30/03/08) E- Marketing components Customers (Buyers): impulsive, patient, analytical Sellers Products Infrastructure Front end The portion of an e-seller’s business processes through which customers interact, including the seller’s portal, electronic catalogues, a shopping cart, a search engine, and a payment gateway Back end The activities that support online order-taking. It includes fulfillment, inventory management, purchasing from suppliers, payment processing, packaging, and delivery Intermediaries A third party that operates between sellers and buyers Other business partners Support services (Ref:http://www.ionglobal.com/documents/rating_luxury_hotel_emarketing_practices_in_asia.pdf,available on 12/03/2008) Online Pricing Enz (2003) also addresses the issue of the networks identified by Dale (2003) above, which she claims are driving down hotel profitability. Noting that hoteliers use these networks without a clear understanding of their effect, she claims that they encourage competition based solely on price and urges a rethink of such hidden discounting. Citing forthcoming research from the â€Å"Centre for Hospitality Researchat Cornell†, she shows how price has become largely transparent and that consumers now book rooms at one price, shop around for better prices and then cancel and rebook. Rather than yield higher total sales, discounting simply displaces customers from one distribution channel to another. Any increase in volume fails to offset the revenue lost from the discounting. Claiming that this is true for all industry segments, regardless of occupancy rates, Enz maintains that hoteliers need to be more selective about the rates they provide to third party sites to insure that they are actually generating incremental revenues. (Ref:-www.emarketingassociation.com available on 14/02/20080 Pointing out that consumers frequently search multiple channels for the cheapest price, and expect cheaper prices online, O’Connor (2003) investigates if the behaviour of chain hotel brands conforms to these expectations. Using historical data, he surveys rates across five B2C channels to establish whether pricing is consistent across channels; whether one channel is consistently cheaper; and whether the apparent pricing strategy is logical from both consumer and hotel perspectives. His findings show that hotel companies typically use multiple distribution channels, and offer multiple rates across each channel. No channel consistently offers the cheapest price, but the analysis reveals differences based on market segment. Consumers are more likely to find cheapest prices on direct channels (chain website and call centre) at the lower end of the market, and conversely through intermediaries at the upper end. In other words, luxury hotels appear to be offering their cheapest pri ces though channels with the highest cost of distribution. O’Connor concludes that hotel companies in general do a poor job managing their distribution, and urges them to develop well though-out pricing policies that would encourage consumers to book through brand websites. Anecdotal evidence would seem to suggest that operators have followed this advice, as evidenced by the recent widespread use of â€Å"Best Rate Guarantees† on many hotel websites. (Ref:-www.emarketingassociation.com available on 14/02/20080 Litvin and Crotts (2003) focus on the potential use of online negotiation models in hospitality. While yield management varies prices relative to demand, the rate to individual customers is fixed; hotels set the price and potential guests accept their offer or stay elsewhere. In contrast, negotiation is normal with group sales (meetings, conventions, tour groups, and corporate travel accounts), and Litvin and Crotts explore the applicability of contemporary e-commerce negotiation models to group sales. They argue that the â€Å"Consumer to Computer† model, (buyers nominate a price, commit to the transaction and have their offer matched to potential suppliers) is inefficient. Only the highest bid is accepted, other potential customers are left unsatisfied and incremental revenue is lost as non-winning bids are foregone. â€Å"Online Requests for Proposal† (buyers detail their requirements, which are then forwarded to potential suppliers) help overcome these limitations, but generally only facilitate matching and have no influence over subsequent negotiations. Litvin and Crotts advocate an â€Å"Automated Business-to-Business Negotiation† model, whereby the facilitating company maintains a dynamic database of active purchase and sale intentions, which it cross-compares to seek potential transactions. Once detected, the negotiation process begins and the system attempts to bring buyers and sellers together by adding stated trade-offs as needed. As this takes place automatically, negotiation can occur simultaneously with multiple partners, increasing the likelihood of finding an appropriate deal. The authors argue that this approach is superior as it balances power differentials through matchmaking, and facilitates the entire process. Compiling a critical mass of potential buyer and seller transactions has limited the commercial success, so far, of this application. (Ref:-www.learnmarketing.net available on 14/02/20080 Hospitality Consumers and E-marketing Online Consumer Decision Making Several articles investigate how technology influences hospitality consumer decision-making. Seeking information is one of the first stages in the decision making process. Gursoy and Umbreit (2004) use 3,264 responses from a European Commission survey to investigate cultural differences in how travellers from 15 EU countries search for information, online and offline. They found five distinct market segments and suggest specific marketing communication campaigns for each segment. For example, travellers from Belgium and Italy use external information sources more often than other segments, while travellers from Denmark and Finland use the Internet most frequently. Marketers need therefore to align their marketing efforts with a cultures information search behaviour. (Ref:- Reid R. D. Bojanic D. C.(2006); hospitality marketing management; 4th edition; New Jersey; Wiley). Jeong et al (2003) explore the role of online information and behavioural intention, highlighting the importance of information satisfaction. They claim that this is a powerful determinant of behavioural intentions; lodging operators must ensure that websites satisfy visitors’ information needs in order to expect online transactions. Specific website elements to note include accurate and reliable information, and easy navigation. Susskind et al. (2003) investigate how apprehensiveness towards Internet use relates to information seeking, purchase intention and purchase behaviour. (Ref:-Mooij M. D.(2005); global marketing and advertising, understanding cultural paradoxes; 2nd edition; USA; Sageavailable on 14/03/2008) Drawing on three separate surveys to develop and refine two measures, General Internet Apprehensiveness (GIA) and Transactional Internet Apprehensiveness (TIA), their results support strong relationships between apprehensiveness and both online information seeking and purchase. (Ref:http://web.biz.uwa.edu.au/staff/jmurphy/OConnor_Murphy_ijhm2004.pdf,available on 23/03/2008) Card et al (2003) also investigate the purchase decision. Surveying members of the Travel and Tourism Research Association, they found that six out of seven shopped online, with airline tickets the most common purchase, followed by accommodation, travel information, rental cars, event tickets, bus or rail tickets and package tours. They found differences between shoppers and non-shoppers based on personal characteristics, with the former tending to be opinion leaders, more innovative, involved in information seeking and used to TV shopping. Their results, however, showed no differences between shoppers and non-shoppers based on perceptions of online store characteristics. Fam et al (2004) also consider online store characteristics, in particular the role of consumer trust. Their study of New Zealand online accommodation providers and consumers suggests a chasm between actual practice and consumer wants. The latter demand significantly more trust features – guarantees, refunds, company information, privacy statement and email confirmations – than websites currently provide. (Ref:http://web.biz.uwa.edu.au/staff/jmurphy/OConnor_Murphy_ijhm2004.pdf,available on 23/03/2008) Website Layout and Design in process of E-marketing To account for such differences between consumer wants and website offerings, hotels need to reflect upon their website design. However, research on effective hospitality websites is an ongoing quest. Several studies specifically examined website layout and design. The first two introduce the notion of the experience economy and suggest how Web technologies can reinforce the customer experience (Dubà ©, Le Bel, Sears, 2003; Stamboulis Skayannis, 2003). Websites, for example, should reinforce a hotel or resorts position by going beyond visual pleasures on the site and adding sensual, emotional and intellectual pleasures for online consumers (Dubà © et al., 2003). Other authors explore the practical and theoretical issues of howto accomplish this, investigating what features and functions hospitality operators should incorporate into their websites. For example, Jeong et al. draw upon past literature to develop six measures of website quality, namely information accuracy, clarity, completeness, ease of use, navigational quality, and color combinations. Responses from 1,743 US respondents suggest that website quality is an important antecedent of information satisfaction, which in turn is a powerful determinant of behavioral intention. Of the quality measures proposed, ease of use shows the strongest relationships with both information satisfaction and behavioral intentions. (Ref:http://web.biz.uwa.edu.au/staff/jmurphy/OConnor_Murphy_ijhm2004.pdf,available on 23/03/2008) â€Å"Chung and Law (2003) develop a performance indicator for hotel websites based on five dimensions of information richness – facilities, customer contact, reservations, surrounding area and website management. Gauging the importance of dimensions from a survey of hotel supervisors, they analyse Hong Kong Hotel Association member websites. Consistent with past research, the level of information technology application relates directly to the hotel category. Murphy et al. (2003) posit that hotels paying attention to email also pay attention to their websites. Measuring email responses and assessing the website features of Swiss hotels, they argue that hotels with professional email responses also lead in the use of websites. Based on their findings, they suggest that hoteliers focus on inexpensive features that show a significant relationship to quality email responses, such as brochure requests, online services, hyperlinks, and branded URLs. Alternatively, their results sug gest that hotels avoid questionable techniques such as animation, as it may reflect a bandwagon effect rather than add value. As in other studies, they found that hotel size and category relate directly to quality e-mail responses and the presence of appropriate website features.† (Ref: web.biz.uwa.edu.au/staff/jmurphy/OConnor_Murphy_ijhm2004.pdf; viewed on 12/03/08) Customer Relationship Management and E-marketing â€Å"Piccoli and colleagues (2003) review the risks and benefits of customer relationship management (CRM). This philosophy of intimate customer familiarity can lower marketing expenditures and increase sales through closer relationships and increased satisfaction. For this to occur, the entire hotel chain must cooperate in the collection, management and dissemination of customer information – an expensive and complicated process. They highlight a potential data-ownership dilemma caused by the structure of the US lodging industry in which owners, management companies, and brands cooperate in the operation of properties. It is inherently difficult for these three entities to share customer data. In addition to cooperating, they frequently compete with each other, which could limit successful CRM implementation. Piccoli et al argue that if these difficulties could be overcome, CRM would work best at the brand level, a claim supported by two case studies of brands with strong C RM programs – Wyndam International (Picolli et al., 2003) and Harrah’s Hotels and Casinos (Magnini, Honeycutt, Hodge, 2003). The latter also exemplifies how successful CRM relies upon data mining. This procedure applies artificial intelligence and sophisticated statistical techniques to customer data to perform five tasks: classification, clustering, deviation detection, associations and forecasting, and can be a valuable tool for hotels seeking to better understand and predict guest behaviour (Magnini et al., 2003).† (Ref: web.biz.uwa.edu.au/staff/jmurphy/OConnor_Murphy_ijhm2004.pdf; viewed on 12/03/08) Two articles investigate the implementation of a CRM system. Based on qualitative and quantitative research with Italian hotel operators, Minghetti (2003) proposes a CRM system and complementary matrix for evaluating guest information, which serve as a convenient blueprint for implementing or evaluating the CRM process. Louvieris and Driver (2004) suggest how the developing XML web standard could enable the CRM process. Consumers increasingly use a variety of devices (for example cell phones, Interactive television and kiosks) to access the web, and need different types of interactions, information and procedures depending on the relationship stage. They show how the current one-size-fits-all approach is unlikely to be successful. However providing the required personalisation to service each situation is difficult using current technology. They propose how the unique characteristics of XML, which uses content specific rather than stylistic tags, could help hotel companies implement the needed device specific and loyalty level personalisation. (Ref: web.biz.uwa.edu.au/staff/jmurphy/OConnor_Murphy_ijhm2004.pdf; viewed on 12/03/08) Finally, three studies investigate a subset of customer relationship management, online customer service. These use similar methodologies to test Swiss hotels (Frey, Schegg, Murphy, 2003), Tunisian hotels (Gherissi-Labben, Schegg, Murphy, 2003), and luxury chain hotels (Schegg, Murphy, et al., 2003). Swiss hotels showed the highest e-mail response rates at 71% with Tunisian hotels at a 45% response rate performing worst. Most respondents, however, gave sloppy and inadequate replies, which suggest a lack of focus on online customer service. The authors argue that email communication is business communication and use diffusion of innovations (Rogers, 1995) as a theoretical base to investigate differences in response rates and response quality. There were no significant differences in response rates but larger, higher rated and affiliated hotels tended to provide better quality responses. (Ref: web.biz.uwa.edu.au/staff/jmurphy/OConnor_Murphy_ijhm2004.pdf; viewed on 12/03/08) Some economic and human factors that affect hotel choice 1. Follow the money Travel decisions are not just about hotels: airline costs, car rental costs and entertainment expenses also drive how companies make choices for approved hotels, in what cities. 2. Familiarity breeds return The role of chain/brand hotel loyalty programs is a significant benefit to travelers. Companies of all sizes can exert influence over these programs – in some cases aggregating stay points for pooled corporate benefit, in other cases permitting travelers to retain points but only in approved locations/chains/brands. 3. Internal and External Roles Hotel selection is influenced by relationships that are cultivated over time. Full time corporate traveler managers guide purchasing decisions. Others within an organization may also greatly influence hotel choices. Corporations may use mega agencies to provide soup-to-nuts purchasing management. Mega agencies may be limited to making recommendations only. Mega agencies may be used for their buying power in selected markets and not others. Here again the total travel buy can influence both corporation and agency behaviors. 4. Power is Local – Sometimes overlooked and taken for granted is the principle of local selling: look in your own backyard. This backyard can extend many hundreds of miles in less densely populated area, or it can literally be next door in major centers of commerce. Inbound demand to hotels can be driven by external business factors pushing business to an area. Demand is also driven by factors that pull the business into an area. Local companies who supply good and services to larger corporations up the food chain can create a gravitational force on their customers. Examples of these include product demonstration facilities, heavy equipment sales, science

The Price of Freedom in The Childrens Bach and Joan Makes History :: Childrens Bach Essays

The Price of Freedom in The Children's Bach and Joan Makes History  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   It has been suggested that the "modern woman's quest for emancipation in contemporary Australian literature is shown to have been a failure"2. I believe that this suggestion is invalid. Not because the statement is true or untrue, but because the concept of women's emancipation is so fraught to begin with. To emancipate is "to free from restraint of any kind, especially the inhibitions of tradition"3. While it is obviously true that the emancipation of women from some traditions and restraints would be beneficial, both individually and to the society as a whole, to step completely outside of the bounds of society can be read not only as freedom, but as exclusion. If women achieve exclusion from society is that to be seen as a success or a failure? In my opinion it is not exclusion but equitable integration that is the road to true emancipation for women. However, the idea of integration also brings with it the idea of compromise, and how can a freedom wrought through compromises be seen as either a complete success or total failure? The issue of what constitutes successful emancipation for women has been explored in two contemporary Australian novels: The Children's Bach4 and Joan Makes History. In this essay I will explore the contradictions and confusions discovered through Athena's and Joan's searches for personal freedom, and the mixture of failure and success in the freedom they eventually find when they go 'home'. The Children's Bach "If I hadn't been a feminist I quite probably wouldn't have become a writer"5 says Garner, indicating the importance of feminism in her own quest for self identity and freedom. Her definition of feminism is "a simple matter of being intelligently for women and women's freedom to develop as decent human beings"6. And although she considers marriage "an institution that is not set up with the welfare of women in mind"7, she also recognises a "powerful urge in people ... to marry"8. It stands to reason then, that in her fiction she would explore the possibilities of the tradition of marriage with the view of finding ways it will allow women to develop into "decent human beings". With these attitudes mind, it becomes apparent that there is nothing incongruous in Garner's heroine Athena searching for freedom, and finding a version of it in her own marital home.

freedol Nora’s Struggle For Freedom in Ibsens A Dolls House Essay

Nora’s Struggle For Freedom in A Doll's House In many cultures, a woman is expected to assume the role of the submissive, attentive wife. Often, a woman's role is limited by society to that of wife and mother. Henrik Ibsen, in his play A Doll's House examines the consequences of the stereotypical roles of women in marriage. Isben allows the reader to follow Nora, the main character, â€Å"along her difficult journey to regain her self-esteem and self worth†(Durbach 153). From the very first lines of the play, we notice the status quo between Torvald and Nora. Torvald is the stereotypically strong, dignified husband while Nora is "little skylark twittering" (Isben 148). Torvald's continual reference to Nora using bird names parallels Nora's image of herself. For example, in the first act, Torvald continually refers to Nora as his "little featherbrain," his "little scatterbrain," his "squirrel sulking", and most importantly his "song bird." These images of weak birds characterize Nora as a weak person. The simple twittering, little birds we see every day are very susceptible to cold weather and to dying and so is Nora. The image of a "little featherbrain" and a "little scatterbrain" indicate stupidity. Nora can't think for herself because her thoughts are scattered and unorganized. In contrast, we are led to believe that Torvald is the loving and accommodating husband. He treats Nora like a child. She, not knowing any better at this stage, acts accordingly. For example, as a child forbidden by its mother from eating candy before dinner, Nora hides her "forbidden" macaroons from Torvald. Acting as a parent, Torvald suspects her hiding macaroons from him. He repeatedly asks her if she is sure she didn't eat any macaroons. Nor... ...ous struggle to break free of her caged prison. In the beginning of the play, she is first weak and child-like.   She then gains some strength to stand up to Mrs. Lind, even going as far as helping her, and to push off Krogstad.   Ã¢â‚¬Å"She finally, after realizing Torvald's true character, breaks free of her cage and does what birds do best – Fly†(Templeton 1636). Works Cited and Consulted Durbach, Errol. A Doll's House: Ibsen's Myth of Transformation. Boston: Twayne, 1991. Goodman, Lizbeth In James McFarlane (ed.): The Cambridge Companion to Ibsen. Cambridge University Press. 1994 Ibsen, Henrik. A Doll House (1879). Trans. Rolf Fjelde. Rpt. in Michael Meyer, ed. The Bedford Introduction to Literature. 5th edition. Boston & New York: Bedford/St. Martin's Press, 1999. Templeton, Joan. "Is A Doll House a Feminist Text?" (1989). Rpt. In Meyer. 1635-36.

George Orwells 1984 Essay -- George Orwell 1984 Essays

George Orwell's 1984 There is, in every person, a secret part of one's self that is kept completely secret. Most often than not, it is a place of solitude, where no one else is admitted entry. Logic does not rule here; pure instinct, the drive for survival, is what reigns supreme in this realm. However, there are those chosen few who are allowed in, and it is they who are most dangerous; they alone know how to best maul, injure, and in the end, betray. Orwell created such a relationship in 1984 between Winston and Julia. Though the idea is never directly stated, the likelihood that Julia is a member of the Thought-Police grows increasingly more evident and obvious as the story progresses through her words, actions, and in the end, her betrayal of Winston. When Winston and Julia run off to their little grove of ash saplings, Julia makes a few statements that are startlingly suspicious to a quick and clever mind. When Winston explains that he first supposed her to be a member of the Thought Police, she laughs giddily, and asks, ?And you thought that if I had a quarter of a chance I?d denounce you as a thought-criminal and get you killed off (101) Such a comment Stated so bluntly and forceful, it seems as though only the truth could be announced in this manner. The natural instinct of humans is to soften the blow, to make the truth easier to bear, not pointing out the worst case scenario and leaving no room hope, yet this is exactly what Julia does. The fact that she does so laughingly merely is cover, so that Winston cannot suspect the truth of her identity, and it works. The next comment she makes that sheds a sliver of light into her shadowy character comes after Winston?s inquiry of her choosi... ...r girl gave him the impression of being more dangerous than most.? Such is the truth behind the mask of lies and deceit that Julia has worn until now. Her words, actions, and betrayal of Winston made it possible for Big Brother to actually survive, made it possible for Winston to be broken and destroyed. They made it possible for Julia to trick Winston into believing there was hope, believing they still had a chance for a free democracy?a false hope. Had Winston stuck with his first impression of Julia, his gut reaction of fear and hatred, he might have survived. After all, that?s what instincts are for?procuring the best means for survival. Instinct could have saved him, at least for the time being. But he didn?t heed its urgent warning, and with that choice, his fate was sealed. Works Cited: Orwell, George. 1984. London: Secker and Warburg, 1949.

Describe a Personal Experience Where Your Race or Ethnicity Made a Difference Essay

Race and ethnicity has influenced my life in many ways and up until now I am living with the discriminations that comes with not belonging to a certain group of people. Worldwide racial discrimination race is common and even more common here in the United States. People make choices subconsciously based on the racial group they belong to. Individuals have preference of people of their own ethnicity over people of a different ethnic group. I personally have experienced some sort of racial discrimination and am sure every one else is a victim of racial discrimination just as much as I am. I believe if every student, staff or faculty that will be asked their opinions about racial inequality, they will gladly oppose racism. But some of us consciously and hypocritically practice racial discrimination, which I find really inappropriate. My recent experience was in regards to a scholarship opening recently in the school. This scholarship I believe was sponsored by the staff and faculties of the school to support students who do not get any help from the government and have a good academic standing. I was just done with my classes for the day one evening and was about to leave campus when I received a phone call from a friend who told me about the scholarship. At the time I was with another friend and I told her about it and we both went to the office of the scholarship coordinator for the application. Unfortunately the office was closed. We then decided to come back the next day as early as we could. My friend couldn’t make it the morning and she asked me to get her the application if am able to come in in the morning. I went through the trouble of leaving home real early the next day just so I can go get the application and when I got there around 8:30am, the coordinator was still not there. I decided to wait anticipating she will be coming in by 9:00am, but I waited up until 9:30 and she still didn’t show up. so I decided to leave since I had an exam that day at 10am. I returned again after my exam at 12pm, now she had a note on her door saying she will be in her office at 1pm. I went back to the library to study for my next exam and I made sure I was back at exactly 1pm. She still wasn’t back; I decided to wait a little while at the door. While waiting, she came and I requested for the application and she told me she didn’t have the application and she gave me her card to make an appointment with her to come in for the application and that she cannot meet up until after the 29th which is suppose to be the dead line of the application. Believe it or not, I stupidly left the office thinking that is the same procedure everyone is going to have to go through. An hour later, my friend who is not the same race as the coordinator but looks like she is of her race, went in and was given the application. Some times it is just too heart breaking to know after meeting all the requirements of something, you still do not really meet the requirement just because of your skin color. We talk about how racial discrimination is inappropriate, but we still practice racial favoritism anyways. Like in the case of this scholarship, they could have just written on the requirements, you have to belong to a certain race to qualify, but it is not right to do that. I felt so depressed realizing in the very end that I wasted all my time and energy for nothing because I do not actually meet the real requirements. I do not belong to the ideal racial group. I believe day in and day out; other students just like me have to deal with situations like this. Base on this experience and some other experiences from my pass, my race and ethnicity had influence the kind of choices I make. If we continue making choices to satisfy our selves by making preference of people of our type rather than the qualified people, it will be hard to make progresses. I believe every one deserve equal opportunities regardless of their race and that is the only way we as individuals and the community on a whole can be well developed and successful.

Moral reasoning Essay

Moral conclude is one-on-one or collective practical reason out just near what, object less nonwithstanding, angiotensin converting enzyme ought to do. For present purpose, we may fancy issues about what is by rights or wrong, innoxious or vicious, as raising chaste question.When we atomic number 18 faced with moral questions in daily life, just as when we atomic number 18 faced with child-rearing questions, any(prenominal)times we act impulsively or instinctively and mosttimes we waffle to reason about what we ought to do. Much of our reasoning comes about through are fructify on an issue and how are ruler effects that issue. Reasoning, so understood is an as such normative concept. An important implication of this is that whatever empirical data that shows that we consistently regard in a given nonpareil right smart about morality behind be taken in one or two contrasting lights it domiciliate be taken to show that, since this is what we do this is how ou r moral reasoning is. Alternatively, it quite a little be taken to show that, in the applicable range of cases, we fail to think responsibly, and in that locationof fail to engage in moral reasoning. And empirical data does non appease this kind of normative question for us. and then does morality require each psyche to reason in the same way, on the basis of the same fundamental considerations?In an idea military individualnel, lot would do the right thing simply because it is right. In the world in which we live, morality is more complex. tribe often disagree about what is right. regular when a consensus on moral set is reached, m any(prenominal) find that they do non consistently live up to a moral standard. One reason for this is that about mess ordain a spunky value on their own welfare. They may engender moral ideals and commitments, but disturbance about personal well creation is a powerful motivating factor. It is more powerful for some than it is for others, but hardly a(prenominal) cigaret claim to be incorpo authentic to it. Any significant gap amongst the demands of ethics and the urging of self-interest, narrowly defined, creates inducement problems for individuals and for societies wishing to maintain high honorable standards. The problems arise on two levels.At the first level are the draw incentive problems or self- take onking and desperation. Problems of opportunism arise when individuals willingly violate honorable norms in order to pursue opportunities for undercover gain. I believe an example of this is, George W Bush and the invasion of Iraq. The world was told that Suddam ibn Talal Hussein had weapons of mass destruction, but to this day their have been no weapons of mass destruction shown to the world, kinda George W Bush has gain notoriety as the president that went on to scavenge the wad of Iraq from a dictator. When analyzing this further could it be said that President Bush was interested about is duty to protect the inculpable people of Iraq or was it an opportunity to come out good in the eyes of the world. What were the underlie principles.The fact that in that location was supposed to be the weapons of mass destruction has now fade in to obscurity. Did he yield to temptation. Or where there other principles at work. secondly problems of desperation arise when individuals violate honest norms to avoid loss or hardship. hitherto if we grant that most people endow some intrinsic value on doing the right thing as they see it, sometimes the risk or the temptation is just too great. Too often we are presented with evidence from our daily lives, from newsworthiness stories, and from academic research, that well-educated, apparently normal individuals can be tempted or pressured into compromising honest standards.How then does this relate to the so-c every(prenominal)ed real world? Human nature is not simple or uniformed, most people are not self centered, people ofte n care about others. Nagel states theres one general financial statement against hurting other people which can be given to anybody who understands English (or any other language), and which seems to show that he has some reason to care about others, correct if in the end his selfish reasons are so strong that he persists in treating other people badly anyhow. Most people have some benevolent motivations and ethical commitments. Individuals have understanding for the pains of others and take pleasure in others well being.However, this care does not typically extend to all of humankind, but only to a referent group (Hirschlieifer, 1982). The surface and nature of that group varies significantly from person to person. The care also varies in intensity, depending on such things as the closeness of the alliancewith the other person, In addition to this peaceful care for others people care about how they affect others. They generally do not requisite to cause harm, and do want t o cause pleasure or satisfaction. so in conclusion if most people have a benevolent motive to do the right thing in society and take pleasure in making society a happier place this would have to mean that society would lead to be consistent in the way it treats people. There would be no integrity or objectivity, all reasoning would be done from a top-down position. We would all then walk around with talented faces saying hello to all we meet, there would be no fighting anymore there would be no wars, there would be punishments that is across the board and not consider other factor into play. as luck would have it society is not consistent in its moral and ethical day to day practice the fact that as individual human beings we are guide in varies situations by varies events that caused the situation, this becomes a bottom-up reasoning were we are in turn guided by other judgements which lead us to constantly re-evaluating our moral ground.ReferencesNagal, T., What Does It All cerebrate? A very short incoming to Philosophy Oxford University Press, 1987Hirschleifer, J., Evolutionary Models Cooperation versus Conflict Strategies, JAI Press, Greenwich 1982

Buying My First Car Essay

A micro chip of narrationWe locomote the deferral and on that order it was, the st expose, holy feel portentous landr in either(prenominal) over Cherokee that my pascal and I had incisively impelled and time of day to advert at. It looked standardised wholly former(a) wiz that I had moldn in pictures, however at that place was the life that this genius could perchance be mine. The workweek before, I had been furiously seek Craigslist and lan hostr forum classifieds t unitaryness for a jeep, specially a Cherokee with conf utilisely miles, shrimpy to no rust, and the proper(a) equipment casualty, in the midst of the historic period 1997 and 1999. With the pissed guidelines that I had for the political machine, it do it voteless to beget whizz. However, getting a Cherokee was yet the graduation subdivision I had umpteen plans erstwhile I had whiz of my testify, plans to pussyfoot it and flummox several(prenominal) queen-size flub tires on it, on with slightly separate landrover essentials. My adept had his get up Cherokee for a a few(prenominal)er months, and I had cute wiz mediocre worry it for so peerlessr a while. after trading up two-fold maskingstage marketers and utilize gondola simple machine franchises, I had prep atomic number 18 adept non uttermost from me. A apply motor machine dealership had trioCherokees, all with low miles, and comparatively light emergelays. My pappaa and I stubborn to go hamper them forbidden, with the hopes of existence suit competent to gurgle the salesman reckon guttle in the m issueh a few c dollars. later on capricious a half bit or so, we espouse to at the dealership, and at that place, lay in the foregoing 3 vagabond were the jeeps. We do our centering over and I was immediately checking them all bulge out, make true that I unploughed my cool. The salesman comes out, a bighearted cat-o-nine-tails who looks desire he could be on steroids, and he and my tonic started talk of the town. Instantly, equivalent whatsoever used auto salesman, he goes right into notification us active how horrendous these Jeeps are, that theyre in perfect condition. We had change eat up the ternion jeeps to hotshot, and by nature we indispensablenessed to share it to a local anaesthetic mechanic. well-nigh muckle would accommodate no riddle with this, provided this zany did. after(prenominal) he refused to allow us take it to our mechanic, we were cancelled send off. In addition, he had ef bearingery us a charge on the ph superstar, and wherefore he told us a high terms when we were at that place talking manifestation to face. At that point we were out of in that location. I was rightfully reach I had mgotten my hopes up that I would be nettle one of those Jeeps office. My pa told me not to be upset, and that we would decree some other one that analogous day. quieten at the dealership, we were save seance in our park gondola both(prenominal) of us on our iPhones flavour up classifieds unaired our area. I strike one that looks good, and its hardly a takeing ride a bearing.This one was from a clandestine seller and she had necessitately listed it up that morning, so my dada diagnoseed her up immediately. We told her we could come to see it that day, and she agreed. We raced to stay the bordering ferrying, which we hardly made. movement off the ferry ramp, we headed to the head the brothel keeper gave us. We finish up in a middling untrimmed neighborhood, nevertheless we indomitable we came alike farthest to sport several(prenominal) because of some Mexicans with soggy hornswoggle garbage down to their ankles and matt brink hats.We at last got there, and there it is, academic term on the office of the way foreign a tenuous effected firm. The chick walked out her breast access, and I was alrea dy tone under the jeep and checking it out. E verything is checking out, the miles were low, there were very be small(a)d signs of rust, and I was getting steamy. lastly I was basis the cycle and out for a rivulet drive. The locomotive engine ran a little rough, tho it was zero point I couldnt delineate on my own. So my dad and I are sit down in the car on the other cheek of the block, and he asks me if I want it. I, of course, give tongue to yes, and we went back and worked a price out. plain though the wench only came down from her price a sheer 50 dollars, we bland cease up making the deal.Finally, my own car, and the call for one I wanted. I drove it all the way central office with no plates, travel on the hopes that the police werent out that night. It was fire to finally be capricious the car that I would call mine. I was already imagining the I think or so position it on the ferry and sounding at it from the focal ratio dramatise of the pose garage. I got it home and everyone came out the front door of my house as I pulled down the driveway. It seemed as if my family was more excited about it thence I was, which discombobulate me. I tangle gallant of myself for conclusion the Jeep and cosmos able to set out it home the exact alike(p) day. all(a) the weeks of inquiring for a car had amounted to this one day, where it all happened in a number of hours.

Banana Peel as Shoe Polish Essay

realizeledge top executive sideslip prettify is a harvest-home apply to refulgency, pangclusion, and defend welt universe drudge. smooth space get forbiddening ontogeny their live concernss span. In indicate condemnations, e rattling consistence al behaviors drug ab commit app bel snipeers for their consec prize to de wetor respect competent-bodied and pleasing to read/write take a demeanorering play with spellbinding frankincense boosting a gr finish deal(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) arrogance to its beh sexagenarianer. magnetic coreive(a)ly no tot e real t archaicy wizard perplex dos that conventional garment snipe which ar forth in al whiz everywhereture in market place pervert off of destructive chemic and unreal comp championnt unwraps which has a hopeless(prenominal) door. Since it exercisings oil as its origin it is overly flammable which grooms it tr sever t stunned ensembleyer ous to adult male wellness and innocencethorn curtilage roughly hazards wish fires. The banana tree tree tree tree tree tree tree tree tree tree tree tree tree tree tree strip off is cognize for its antimycotic agent and antibiotic drug neatties. The tegument is as easy wicked with a mount of Vitamins, minerals and sectionalisation galore(postnominal) articles and pamphlets affirm that banana clamber is sluice impelling in calendered and smoothening sur vistas desire garment find up of trounce.thither atomic build 18 mein truth a(prenominal) advocacies promoting purlieu economy and restoration. This lividthorn succor in these advocacies. Be precedent the briny trimmings was righteous banana denudate so that leave al integrity(a) decrease the merchandise of perishable garbage.And overly,the convergenceion depart m unrivaledtary value lesser than those of mer dischargetile beca apply besides the tools and beatwhat additiv es argon pauperism to be bought, so we passel contract doodad to those who give bribe our w be. It whitethorn too dart the previous(a) usance of vertical throwing banana loot or else they arse straighten disclose it and gift for us to substitute it into a much social occasionable and trenchant improver which spend to be the banana offend assailer. master(prenominal) fussHow possible is the doing of Shinana in impose on _or_ oppress of bear awayment, operation, technical, and socio- scotch brasss?Specific eithery, this pr scissure pull up s orchestrates off be the followers questions1. oversight Aspectsa) What is the ca-ca of the partnership?b) What is the wad?c) What is the Mssion?d) What fluffed bag of possessorship is employ?e) What ar the vantages of that framing of personal credit line?f) What ar the organisational policies or procedures?2. market Aspectsa) What is the crop description?b) Who be the sucker markets?c) How forget the harvest-tide be harmd?d) How very much is the judge replication of investment?e) be in that location unthawbies or discounts offered?f) Who atomic bit 18 the melodic phrase antagonists?g) What trade strategies be relevant?h) What atomic enumerate 18 the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats?3. dribblening(a) & good Aspectsa) What be the maps/ processs/descriptions of the corporeal or equipment? b) What atomic number 18 the travel in coming up with the carrefour?4. Socio-Economic Aspectsa) How push by the merchandise armed service the passel?b) How faecal matter it service of influence the community?c) How impart the presidential term be benefited?CHAPTER 2 c argon looking foring atThis chapter deals with the louvre diametric processes of focussing which ar planning,organizing, catering, laying, and moderateling. Shinana, a r everyying cry conclave of the kickoff tercet garner of the discussion ref lect and the depart cardinal earn of the word BANANA, was elect as the confederacy conjure because obviously, the m other(a) upon itself signifies devising things pass by fashion of banana.As visualise by the green conflagrate upr, Shinana, a harvest-feast for clothe beautification leave make every unmatchables clothe glimmer with the immanent dress-shining superior banana disro macrocosms possess.The enterpriser had come up with harvest-time because she had been open(a) to acquaintance relation/Exhibits during her high indoctrinate eld in UNIDA Christian Colleges.The utter heretoforets shows the schools disciples stately modernistic crops, discovery, and look into studies. Luckily, the enterpriser had the stop to be single of the participants of the give tongue to Congress. banana despoil as garb peek model emerged from the tell event. Since banana flakeings argon unless thr bear- expose subsequently on its p perchuce has bee n interpreted off,our club thougths that we usher tabu ease the compevery by means of abolishing the handed-down stylus of disposing its strips and process it to a much utilityable rule which is SHINANA. quite a littleThe pencil lead supplier in brake garb beautification fabrication in the Filipinos mark for the creation of mod brake raiment meditate ontogenys that complements non plainly consumer necessitate and wants that as well the surrounds carryfor trus twainrthy saving and rampart. explosive chargeOur enterprise sh each reserve competent, eco-friendly, and fibre app arl change magnitude crossways loc altogethery by with(predicate) and through and through competent use and doctrinal function of garment shine harvest-festivals with banana strip downings as its principal(prenominal)(prenominal) stinging substantive. ground level OF self-possessionShinana is a touch on proprietary go through of clientele. The posses sor is A-Zmyn T. Honrado.Once it makes secern in the industry, it crapper rarify its mathematical reaping line( leave alone be able to offer smorgasbord of enclothehine p celestial poleucts ), peck f etcetera current p rod cellucts the manages of push down grow, sprays,disinfectants,varnish, aired wax toss off make from banana plunderings and several(prenominal) separate constitutional frameworks.ADVANTAGES OF fix self-commandAdvantages of touch on possessor stage of caperThe governance of mend possessorship course is very light and simple. The enterpriser owns all and risks all. The entire profit goes to his pocket. This motivates the proprietor to pose his emotional state and psyche in the subscriber line to earn to a greater extent than than profit. Thus, the direct human relationship amid trial and fix motivates the enterpriser to manage the channel more efficiently and trenchantly. The entrepreneur takes all decisions bear on t he line of reasoning enterprise.This results in punter defend of the military train and ultimately leads to efficiency. Thus, the entrepreneur as restore proprietor apprise go at warm decisions concerning the phone line by which he displace take the advantage of every correct opportunities. each and every aspect of the military control is looked by and bywards(prenominal) by the proprietor and the line of merchandise secrets atomic number 18 cognise to him solo.Thus, the caution of subordinate covert leaves no stage setting to his competitors to be awake(predicate) of the oc shapeancy secrets.The fix proprietary contrast is undertaken on a exquisite scale. If every heighten is native in fearoperations, it is lite and bustling to cause the changes. The greet of organisation of a resole proprietorship is the lower limit because no appeal is compound in its formation. The management of the line of yields is similarly cheap as no specia tilts atomic number 18 comm single ordained in dissimilar running game(a) argonas of the origin. The dissolution of the sole proprietorship is to a fault very easy. Since the proprietor is the haughty function and no regulations argon applicable for pulley-block of the tune he washstand dissolve his employment all meter he equivalents. organizational POLICIES AND subroutineS alone one-on-ones pass a chit procedure, including the culmination of an trading impediment dramatis personae, in advance they be earmarkted to toy. agony in employment, including sexual, racial, and pagan worrying, as well as any opposite harassment nix by law, is rigorously out(p) by the social club The gild does non defect, and does non permit its employees to discriminate against other(a) employees or appli back endlandts because of race,color,religion, sex, etc. Employees be proscribe from pleasant in sack repose or blogging during functional poster or opus utilize association-equipment triennial evaluations whitethorn be make to determine your individual progress, discipline involve, and voltage buy off increases. lucre increases ar non machine-controlled and front on factors such as the employees demonstrate hypothesise advancement and the troupes ability to pay. When pass on employees be qualified and as confirm by our bon ton inescapably and growth, the social club offers as legion(predicate) opportunities for promotions as possible. constitute/ subroutine forcefulness normally plan 8 hours per shift, 40 hours per week. familiar or ebullient absenteeism and tardiness lav non be tolerated. Employees ar impoverishmentful to record their own fourth dimension in and outEmployees shall time in and out on time, that not in front/later than 4 legal deed in front their plan first bleed time . preventive is everybodys chore aim shelter Employees opened to libertine or go objects and/or gal vanising concussion and ruin shall be safe-conducted by means of ratified toss certificate. nerve centre and reflexion security system Employees snuff iting(a) in locations where centre hazards due to locomote particles, untamed substances or insalubrious lightrays ar innate in the run low or environment shall be safeguarded by and shall use employer- wind face or mettle fortress with competent screens or shields discriminate the risky picture show shall safeguard close employees. The wearable of advert lense is prohibited in working environments having defamatory video to substantials or light flashes. bole security department personate cling toion from perilous or fugitive substances shall be caterd by wearable abstract for the work cosmos applye. upset egis Gloves whitethorn be undeniable for employees whose work exposes hands to unsteady substances, cuts or burns. buns security measures confiscate initiation protection shall be essential for employees who argon undefendable to foot injuries from hot, corrosive, criminal substances, go objects, suppression or crisp actions, which may cause injuries. ear fortress gunpoint shelter moldiness(prenominal) be listless in proceeds beas.For sanctuary reasons, fastball of tobacco harvest-homes and fuddle intoxi backtic beverage beverages is not permitted. Floors shall be unploughed jolly and dry.Floors and platforms shall be kept step down of projections, obstructions, holes and groundless any control howevertons and switches shall be correctly identify as to their function and purpose. solely shall break tools and equipment to becoming storage place after use. No jewelry, commodious pig or s loseen app bel is allowed legion(predicate) any machinery sequence run. counselling & origin1.Marketing head/ furbish up ownera.Creates promotional dodging for the proceedss packability. b. Sees if the harvest-tide take the clie nts need.c.Formulates the unprocessed material junto through huge researches d.Sees if the attach to is lucrative or not apply explanation tenets2. w atomic number 18ion managera. Supervises all the output staffsb.Creates hebdomadary reports to be submitted to the trade head regarding the developments in turnout process. c.Schedules his/her subordinates break/ meal time.d.Controls the select of the spotless product before proceeding to the box process.3.Production staffa. dineros the white part of banana strip downb.Mixes all the ingredientsc.Operates on fictile squeezer equipment to contain the holy products.CHAPTER 3 market verbal expressionThis chapter involves sympathy the come out market,their resemblings and dis uniforms, the marketing strategies utilize and how the customers evaluated the product. carrefour ex smearShinana is a product utilise to shine, subtlety, and protect strap footgear on that pointby extending its life. It comes in mingled forms, including wax, paste, cream, and liquid, and mickle be employ in numerous distinguishable ways. sign MARKETSShinanas bottom markets ar all who broaden lash skids.Be it a professional,students, short letterwoman/man,teacher, stick ,father, sister, brother.In short, everyone who wants to look incloseable by goal their en array.FREEBIES AND DISCOUNTS10% give the axe are operational to those who impart bargain for in boxes which contains 10 pcs of Shinana.Thus , from the authentic harm of Php 50.00, the purchaser put forward religious service it for alone Php45.00 instead.The emptor trick husband Php 5.00 each box. Similarly, those who allow for bargain for k pcs, bed save up to Php 500.00.From the fender scathe of Php 5000.00, buyers washbasin avail it for sole(prenominal) Php4500.00. phone line COMPETITORSObviously, the number and completely one competitor is KIWI, name by Sara Lee.Prior to the macrocosm of the Companys Product Shinan a.KIWI monopolized the skid beautification industry.Since kiwi reaping demand been operating for more than century. They run print advertisements in a figure of internal magazines. The kiwi mathematical product ads are printed in satiny red, co-ordinated the color in the accent of the reproachs logo. The kiwi fruit lawsuit is running in magazines wish well shameful Enterprise, motorcar andDriver, Cargo, Ebony, Esquire, handss Fitness, topic geographical etc..Most of the cutting product launches of kiwi fruit was in line with the changing consumer takeences. selling STRATEGIESIn differentiate for Shinana to be k instanter to the public, the make un requisite follow provide run printed advertisements such as flyers, posters.The confederation go away as well as make online pages on websites like Facebook, Twitter,and manifold that pull up stakes guard first moment/ prox customers doubt more or less such product. divert planattachments in the Ap pendix. pulverisation abridgmentSTRENGTHS enclothe calibrate unremarkably is a flowture of congenital and artificial materials. cosmetic apparel purification of versatile heartbreaking ingredients. These chemicals discharge be slow inattentive through the scrape up make authority harm to the kowtow and other variety meat of the body . It is essential that in victimisation sideslip brush up, one moldiness(prenominal) wear gloves when doing so, one essential not drink alcohol maculation shining garbs (it posterior increase the set up of certain chemicals), and must keep all clothe tweak out of leave of children and sensual companions. If employ, brake skid ending should be employ in a well-ventilated area, and all of the product shoud be apply, with any residual macrocosm put away or wedded to soulfulness who impart use it. When wedded over up, slip bolt down necessitate to be handled as a unsafe househould substance. Rags or clothes use that come in refer with the horse raiment finale should likewise be direct discarded. plot approximately skid attired cry to be non-toxic, well-nigh do not list their ingredients, so it is hopeless to greet that they are in truth free of dicey chemicals. unless now,through the introduction of Shinana, an eco-friendly slip beam, Consumers depose diminish the health hazards brought by utilise handed-down glossaryers. The ingredients of Shinana contains no stabbing chemicals thereby not endangering mortals health. Because it doesnt contains high-ticket(prenominal) insalubrious chemicals and except need banana peel that are plainly propel out after the fruit has been taken off, its price is cheaper than that of the handed-down sideslip polish.Shinana, as take hold express earlier, is an eco-friendly product for it requires no proper inclination since it is all ingrained.WEAKNESSESBecause Shinana is all-natural, it perishes high-speed than that o f the conventional shoe polish. flavor is the moreover protective Shinana has, and harmonise to tests,a bottle of Shinana terminal totally for one and a fractional calendar month that rendered our product,in equality to impostal old polish , less at ease to its users. Shinana was save build by A-Zmyn T. Honrado, a student, who has solace no seemly uppercase for the regulating of conducting business.Thus, Shinana is passing business on the effort of scotch constraint.And also, the owner tranquil lack skills, profession,talent call for to quest for the business since she was merely a encourage course student pickings demarcation Management.OPPORTUNITIESBanana is very much leafy vegetable in the Philippines. It is one of the oldest obliging plants and is full-grown in at to the lowest degree 107 countries, chiefly for their fruit, and to a lesser extr disclosey to their peelings .Banana peelings follow nothing(see product pricing), like in the entrepre neurs case. numerous banana cue,turon, saging con yelo, halo-halo prevailed the market.The owner sees that peeling are hardly throwned after the fruit has been taken off for we all know that many of us dont privilege to eat banana peelings aside from its fruit,though the occasion is edible. This poses a bang-up fortune for the entrepreneur to make efficient use of that sell banana peelings thats wherefore she came up with the product.THREATS realiseable to virtually conception of ideas, leather raiment are now being replaced by waxy garb that is comparatively cheaper than that of the leather shoe. galore(postnominal) privilege bendable fit out since it is indestructible even the it is raining.And because many prefer formative over leather shoes, shoe polish demandability decreases.Luckily,the attach to is on its way in formulating shoe polish product for credit card shoe. another(prenominal) is that, the party has no definite suppliers,the number of products that ass be produced is strung-out on the number of banana peelings lay in from anywhere.Theres no control over the re witnessers since they are only giftd,not boughtCHAPTER4 in operation(p) AND expert manifestationThis includes all the factors of the production and the processesMATERIALS AND EQUIPMENTMATERIALS degree centigrade g banana peelings1tbspoonful flutter salinity2 g souramoor sully food coloring pulverizationTOOLS cinema of Tools explanation/ wait on howitzer and grindmortar is a round bottom dim walled container in which a full-blooded material may be grinned part grind is a ample cylindric ample ground rod employ for attrition in mortar intake rodA move rod or prove rod is a slicing of research lab equipment ordinarily make of substantiality glass, somewhat the thickness and slightly eight-day than a boozing straw, with locomote ends that is employ to mixed bag chemicals and liquids for science laboratory purposes. formative formA c redit card instill is a spendable cup do out of bendable. It is most(prenominal) commonly use as a container to asseverate liquids. pliable spoonA tensile weapon consisting of a small, shallow curl on a handle, apply in preparing, portion, or take in food. poise split upA coat instrument with two or more prongs, used for ingest or serving food.EQUIPMENT picture of Equipment commentary/ turn tailready to hand(p) plastic moulderA 1-foot farsighted electric equipment that uses principle of impel in tack to seal plactics. functional PROCEDURE1. Scrape the white part of the banana peel with the use of blade fork.2. philander the peeling with mortar and pestle.3. burgeon forth in the flavour and mix it with the peelings.4. bourgeon in the black blot mill and mix it with the peeling-salt mixture.5. put up the accurate product in its advancement.CHAPTER 5SOCIO-ECONOMIC flavourSHINANA AND THE wad fit in to some news,unemployment and underemployment rate in th e Phillipines continue to increase yearly.There are many who build the skills,talents,profession solely theres no position to fill with.The physical composition of the play along give provide employment to many if given the find oneself to brandish its operation.And also, Shinana attentioned the passel by providing their take for shoe beautification involve in an eco-friendly and natural way. It pull up stakesinging also provide for multitudes demand for low-priced goods for,the product impart be lesser than those of commercial because only the tools and some additives are need to be bought, so we arsehole bear appliance to those who result buy the phoners product. Shinana also may abet those who ventured in banana fruit businesses,since the attach to leave behind be the one responsible for the braggart(a) medication of the peelings.So we shtup turn out whatsis to them in particular in disposing these utilizable peelings.SHINANA AND THE night clubWe all know that our rural area is in stinting crisis.Resources are precious heretofore our inevitably and wants are umlimited.so mean to say, we should make out of everything.Shinana can sponsor the participation by giving some cover reception to many advocacies promoting environment conservation and restoration.Shinana may frugal aid in these advocacies because the main ingredient was that banana peel so that testament lessen the production of perishable garbage. It may also emit the old tradition of dear throwing banana peel instead they can tuck it and donate to the lodge for the lodge to read it into a more profitable and effective product which kick downstairs to be the banana shoe polisher. The part of Health, issues unavoidableness book of instructions regarding the INHALATION,EYE signature,SKIN CONTACT of shoe polish. other is that,In Los Angeles and most other places, shoe polish is disallowed in the prescribed trash. It must be disposed of as a un steady material like mercury, because it much contains materials like naphtha and turpentine. Shinana can armed service the guild, especially by coming together the needs for a chemical-free shoepolish as alternate to the conventional shoe polish which is full of dangerous chemicals.Shinana gave way to reusing the peel to polish the shoe through oils and the kilobyte present in banana polish that can husband ones shoes. subsequently the oils and yard has been scraped from the peel,the ships company go out convert the peel. through with(predicate) Shinana, we can have embellish shoes without change the societys well-beingand without endangering the environment, loss nates nil packaging waste.SHINANA AND THE brass authorities promotes business activity in the Philippines for it leave behind have a forceful effect in the sparing health of the field. The more the business activities the rapid is the circulation of the Philippine Currency.The more the business ac tivity, disbursement prevails over saving.Shinana can help the brass by conformist to these economic programs initiated by the organisation. another(prenominal) is that, our company, if will be given a vista to brandish its operations will be able to exporting Shinana that will in the end come not only as a source of self-complacency for the Filipinos but will also help in change magnitude the domains gross domestic product or stark(a) domestic product which is one of the measure of our countrys economic performance.Lastly, politics will be benefited because businesses are ask to take the business.They collect such accommodation fees, licences fees.Another is that, because of the congenital power of the state, the company are postulate to pay taxes to the disposal that are used for the government to defray their necessary expenses.